"إعرابُ الحديث النبويّ" أهميّتُه وكتبُه: دراسةٌ منهجيةٌ نقديّةٌ

Abstract

It is essential to be familiar with certain sciences related to the text of Prophetic Hadīth for its proper understanding, such as "Gharīb al-Ḫadīth," "Sabab Wurūd al-Hadith," "Mukhtalif al-Hadith wa Mushkiluh," and "Nāsikh wa Mansukh." Scholars have written specialized books on these sciences and discussed their principles and rules along with examples. Some scholars have also introduced these sciences within their works on the terminology and sciences of Hadith. "Diacritical Marking" is one of the sciences that a scholar of Hadith must understand to avoid errors and to convey the Hadith as it was originally spoken by the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaīhi wa Sallām). Knowledge and understanding of diacritical marking are necessary for Hadith students to avoid errors while reading the words of the Messenger of Allah (SAW), as He (SAW) was the most eloquent in speech and the most profound in expression. The "science of diacritical marking of Hadith" is as essential as the previously mentioned sciences in comprehending and engaging with Hadith texts. However, it has not received significant attention from early scholars and even contemporary researchers, resulting in a limited number of books and studies—no more than three or slightly more—covering this topic. They have explained the diacritical marking of Hadith sentences and words and discussed the differences in their diacritical marking among linguistic scholars. However, these books—despite their scarcity—remain obscure to many students of Hadith. This has prompted me to address this topic in this paper, where I aim to introduce the "science of diacritical marking of Hadith," highlight its importance in understanding, conveying its meanings, and clarifying any ambiguities. I will also mention some important guidelines for the diacritical marking of its texts and then focus on introducing some works dedicated to this science, outlining the unique features of each and comparing some of them with one another.