مفطراتِ صوم ، جدید طبی تحقیقات کی روشنی میں

Abstract

Sawm or Fasting is basic pillar of Islam. It is fundamental obligation to every Muslim. A big corner of Islamic literature deals with its importance, divine reward, benefits and sharia ruling. In Islamic Law, the term Fasting is literally defined as an intentional abstinence from eating, drinking and sexual intercourse, before the break of the dawn till sunset. Things invalidate the fast are called "Mufṭirāt" or actions that nullify Fasting. According to Islamic Jurists, there are four major things which invalidate the fast; eating, drinking, sexual intercourse, menstruation and post-childbirth. The last two Mufṭirāt have no ambiguity in their application. As for as eating and drinking are concerned, there has a little bit complexity in their modern application. Because Jurists declare "Mufṭir" when something enters into one's Jawf (interior part of brain and belly). What is meant by Jawf? Is it stomach or coelom? What are the ways and canals come to the Jawf? Sharia ruling about many medical treatments depends on the answers of these queries.  Although Islamic scholars clarified everything in classic Islamic literature, yet modern medical science discovered complete human body structure and some previous suppositions about internal body system approved false. That is why it is necessary to revisit the portion regarding to Mufṭirāt in the light of modern medical studies. This article is an effort to fulfill this need.